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Khorasani Arabs are Iranian Arabs who are descended from the Arabs who immigrated to the Khorasan area of Iran during the Abbasid Caliphate (750−1258). Unlike the Khuzestani Arabs of Iran's Khuzestan Province in the southwestern part of the country, who are direct descendants of more recent 18th century migrants into the area, the Khorasani Arabs are descended from Arab migrants in the Middle Ages. According to a 2013 article in the peer-reviewed journal Iran and the Caucasus, the Khorasani Arabs number and are "already almost totally Persianization".
Most Khorasani Arabs belong to the tribes of Banu Shayban, Zangooyi, Mishmast, Khozaima, and Azdi. Khorasan Arabs are Persian speakers, and only a few speak Khorasani Arabic as their native language. The cities of Birjand, Mashhad, and Nishapur are home to large groups of Khorasani Arabs.
According to Ibn Al-Athir, the Abbasids settled about 50,000 Arab families in Iranian Khorasan, modern day Northern Afghanistan and southern Turkmenistan, but the number is definitely exaggerated.Prof. Dr. Aydın Usta, Türkler ve İslamiyet, Yeditepe Yayınevi, 1. Baskı, March 2020, s. 56-57 (using the Turkish translation of el-Kamil fi't-Tarih by İbn Al-Athir as a source)
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